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In modern medicine, bone and dental loss and defects are common and widespread morbidities, for which regenerative therapy has shown great promise. Mesenchymal stem cells, obtained from various sources and playing an essential role in organ development and postnatal repair, have exhibited enormous potential for regenerating bone and dental tissue. Currently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based bone and dental regeneration mainly includes two strategies: the rescue or mobilization of endogenous MSCs and the application of exogenous MSCs in cytotherapy or tissue engineering. Nevertheless, the efficacy of MSC-based regeneration is not always fulfilled, especially in diseased microenvironments. Specifically, the diseased microenvironment not only impairs the regenerative potential of resident MSCs but also controls the therapeutic efficacy of exogenous MSCs, both as donors and recipients. Accordingly, approaches targeting a diseased microenvironment have been established, including improving the diseased niche to restore endogenous MSCs, enhancing MSC resistance to a diseased microenvironment and renormalizing the microenvironment to guarantee MSC-mediated therapies. Moreover, the application of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as cell-free therapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. In this review, we summarize current knowledge regarding the tactics of MSC-based bone and dental regeneration and the decisive role of the microenvironment, emphasizing the therapeutic potential of microenvironment-targeting strategies in bone and dental regenerative medicine.
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Objective@#To investigate the effect of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)on the immunoregulatory capacity of laryngeal mucosal mesenchymal stromal cells (LM-MSCs) and its potential molecular mechanism, and provide a theoretical basis for the study of chronic laryngitis.@*Methods@#LM-MSCs were separated from epiglottal mucosa. The LM-MSCs cells were directly co-cultured with T cells in vitro to detect the immunomodulatory property of LM-MSCs. After long-term stimulation with inflammatory factors TNF-α in vitro, the differences were compared in the immunomodulatory ability of LM-MSCs between normal LM-MSCs and TNF-α stimulated LM-MSCs. The expression of general control non-repressed protein5(GCN5), FAS, FASL in normal LM-MSCs and TNF-α stimulated LM-MSCs was detected by Western blot and quantitative real-time RT-PCR(RT-qPCR).@*Results@#After chronic stimulation of TNF-α, the RNA relative expression of GCN5 was 0.31±0.03 (3 days) and 0.53±0.06 (7 days) compared with control group, showing significant difference (F=13.45, P<0.05). The percentage of LM-MSC-induced T cell apoptosis was 6.27%±0.81% (3 days) and 4.99%±0.52% (7 days) in chronic stimulation group compared with control group 10.02%±1.02%. There is a significant difference among these groups (F=11.13, P<0.05). Moreover, the ability of LM-MSCs to induce T cell apoptosis is regulated by GCN5.@*Conclusion@#With the chronic stimulation of TNF-α, the expression of GCN5 in LM-MSCs is decreased, thus impairing its immunoregulatory capacity.
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In recent years,the incidences of depression increased year by year due to increased social pressure,which do serious harm to human being both physically and mentally.Studies have shown that the pathogenesis of depression is complicat-ed,mainly related to body′s inflammation,neurotrophic and metabolic processes.There were no sufficient objective bases for the clinical diagnosis of depression.The drug treatment result was not satisfactory.Therefore,biomarkers become more and more important in disease risk prediction,classification,diagnosis and prognosis.The rapid developments in genomics,transcriptom-ics,proteomics,metabolomics and their applications in the diagnosis make it possible to further screen for depression related bio-markers.This article reviewed the research progresses in depression related biomarkers with omics technologies.
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Objective To search the different metabolites related with Kaschin-Beck disease (KBD) in urine of children with KBD by metabolomics technique,in order to provide clues in researching KBD biomarkers.Methods Among the children aged 7-15 years old in the KBD areas in Qinghai Province,the urine samples of 56 KBD children (case group),51 health children from the same area as the control group (internal control group) and 50 health children from non diseased areas (external control group) were examined by quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/QTOF-MS).Partial least squares discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) and multivariate statistical analysis were applied to explore and search the different endogenic metabolites associated with KBD.Results A obvious separation among three groups was observed,and the difference was significant among case group and internal,external control groups (P ＜ 0.05).Twenty-two different endogenic metabolites associated with KBD were found,compared with the external control group,21 metabolites were increased in the case group(P ＜ 0.05).Among them,14 kinds of metabolites (L-Cystine,isobutyryl carnitine,butyryl-L-carnitine,aspartyl-Asparagine,asparaginylAspartate and ubiquinone Q2,etc.) showed significant differences between the case group and internal control group (P ＜ 0.05).There were 4 kinds of metabolites showing significant differences between the two control groups(P ＜ 0.05).Condusion The metabolic profile in the urine of KBD children and healthy children is obviously different and the metabolites of L-Cystine,isobutyryl carnitine,butyryl-L-carnitine,aspartyl-Asparagine,asparaginyl-Aspartate and ubiquinone Q2 are more closely related with KBD,which can be considered as the clues in screening KBD biomarkers.
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Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are stable and toxic by-products of non-enzymatic metabolic reaction of proteins,lipids and nucleotides.The elevated serum AGEs level in pregnant women is strongly associated with hyperglycemia,oxidative stress and insulin resistance and may be one of the cause for the onset and development of the gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).This review mainly focuses on the pathogenesis of AGEs and GDM.
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Microbes are closely associated with tumor development. The interactions between mi-crobes and immune system contribute to tumor progression and metastasis. This review focused on the inter-actions between microbes and immune cells (macrophages, T cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells and other immune cells) in the course of tumor growth, and summarized the roles of microbes in tumor immuno-therapies, aiming to improve the overall understanding of the mechanisms for microbes affecting tumors, and provide ideas for tumor prevention and future immunotherapies.
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Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features and correlation between synchronous multiple early gastric cancer (SMEGC)and single early gastric cancer (EGC).Methods From January 2008 to December 2016,the clinical data of 994 patients with EGC who underwent open or laparoscopic gastrectomy surgery were collected from the electronic medical data base of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital.The data of patients including gender,age,tumor morphologys,tumor location,tumor size,histological type,depth of invasion,lymph nodes metastasis,lymphovascular metastasis,peripheral nerve invasion,and blood types were analyzed.T test and Chi square test were used for statistical analysis.Results Among 994 EGC patients,27 cases (2.7％) were SMEGC,and 967 cases (97.3％) were single EGC.The percentage of male and female of single EGC were 71.4％ (690/967) and 28.6％ (277/967),respectively;the percentage of male and female of SMEGC were 88.9％ (24/27) and 11.1％ (3/27),respectively,and there was statistically significant difference in the gender composition ratio between single EGC and SMEGC (x2 =3.975,P=0.046).The incidence of ulcer in single EGC and SMEGC were 50.6％ (489/ 967) and 29.6 ％ (8/27),respectively,and the difference in the incidence of ulcers between single EGC and SMEGC was statistically significant (x2 =4.653,P=0.031).There were no statistically significant differences between single EGC and SMEGC in gross morphology,depth of invasion,lymph nodes metastasis,lymphovascular metastasis,peripheral nerve invasion,tumor location,pathological type and blood types (all P＞0.05).In the SMEGC patients,the incidence of main lesions invading the mucosa was 48.1％ (13/27) and submucosa invasion was 51.9％ (14/27);and for minor lesions,the corresponding incidences were 77.8％ (21/27) and 22.2％ (6/27),respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =5.063,P＜0.05).There were no statistically significant differences between the main lesions and minor lesions in tumor size,pathological type,with or without ulcers,gross morphology and tumor location (all P＞0.05).Conclusions The main risk factors of SMEGC are male and no ulcerative lesions.The clinicopathological features are similar between main lesions and minor lesions in SMEGC.
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Objective:To explore mechanisms underlying the rescuing effects of transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived exosomes on estrogen-deficient osteoporosis.Methods:Mouse estrogen-deficient osteoporosis model was constructed in 12 female C57BL6/J rats and the exosome release was regulated by siRNA.Osteogenic induction,alizarin red staining and qPCR were performed to evaluate the effects of exosomes on recipient MSC functions.The miR-26a mimics and inhibitors and qPCR were used to explore the mechanisms underlying exosome-mediated functional rescue of recipient MSCs.Results:Donor MSCs alleviated estrogen-deficient osteoporosis via exosome release,and the alleviated osteoporosis by exosomes rescued the recipient MSC functions were observed.Moreover,the rescued recipient MSC functions by exosomes transferred miR-26a were found.Conclusion:Donor MSC-derived exosomes may rescue MSC functions and may remit osteoporosis of the recipient through transfering miR-26a.
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Objective To study absorption characteristic of dioscin from Dioscorea nipponica Makino extract in rat intestine.Methods Single-pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP) model was used for rat in situ and HPLC was used to determine the concentrations of dioscin.The effects of different intestinal segments,drug concentration and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor on intestinal absorption were investigated.Results Dioscin could be absorbed in the whole intestine,the absorption rate constant (Ka) and the apparent coefficient (Papp) of dioscin decreased following the sequence of ileum > duodenum =jejunum > colon.Absorption parameters of dioscin had no significant difference at different concentrations (40,80,120 mg·L-1).There were significant differences in Ka and Papp values between P-gp inhibitor group and no P-gp inhibitor group(P<0.05).Conclusion The saturate phenomena was not observed under the test range of drug concentration,and the absorption mechanism may be passive diffusion transport.Dioscin in Dioscorea nipponica Makino extract may be the substrate of P-gp.
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Objective To search for the metabolites that associated with articular cartilage damage in the urine of rat model with articular cartilage destruction induced by T-2 toxin.Methods Thirty healthy male Wistar rats aged 4-5 weeks were numbered by weight,randomly divided into two groups (n =15 per group),namely the control group and the model group.The rats in the control group were fed with standard rat diets,and those in the model group were given diets contaminated by T-2-toxin (300 μg/kg).Throughout the experiment,all animals were given free access to distilled water and diets.After continuous treatment for 3 months,all the rats were sacrificed.The changes of articular cartilage in rat knee joints were observed by histopathological method,the metabolic profile of rats' urine was determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC/QTOF-MS) technique.Combined with multivariate statistical analysis,database searching was applied to explore and confirm the different metabolites associated with cartilage damage.Results Light microscope showed that rats' articular chondrocytes in the control group presented cells in neat rows and eumorphism,rats' articular chondrocytes in the model group presented extensive areas of chondrocyte degeneration,necrosis and loss.In rats' urine metabolic profiles,5 different metabolites associated with cartilage destruction were detected,such as 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE),trans-4,5-epoxy-2(E)-decenal (EDE),5-methyldeoxycytidine,and 5-L-glutamyl-glycine and prolyl-valine.Compared with the control group (mass spectrum peak area:65820 ± 5200,22080 ± 3538,4292 ± 3520,3277 ± 2025,1104 ± 990),all of them increased in the model group (mass speetrum peak area:90240 ± 18863,25610 ± 5071,9702 ± 6562,6029 ± 3905,4144 ± 5322,t =-3.903,-2.209,-2.814,-2.424,-2.174,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The articular cartilage destruction induced by T-2 toxin could cause the changes of related metabolites in the urine;the 5 kinds of changed metabolites in urine are related to articular cartilage destruction.
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Tooth bleaching agents contain powerful oxidizing agents, which serve as the main part of bleaching agents because of its release of effective bleaching component. It has been a hot topic whether tooth bleaching agents exert negative influence on oral health. In order to provide train of thoughts and reference for further clinical researches and treatments, this review paper focuses on bleaching agents' effects on the growth of oral microbes and the formation of biofilms.
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Humans , Bacteria , Biofilms , Hydrogen Peroxide , Mouth , Microbiology , Oral Health , Oxidants , Pharmacology , Tooth Bleaching , Tooth Bleaching Agents , PharmacologyABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the serum levels of biochemical indexes such as calcium,phosphorus,iron,zinc,and alkaline phosphatase of children in Kaschin-Beck disease areas and control areas in Qinghai Province.Methods According to the results of Kaschin-Beck disease monitoring in Qinghai Province,Tangnaihai Township of Xinghai County and Gandu Town of Hualong County were chosen as Kaschin-Beck disease areas and Qushian Township of Xinghai Country was chosen as a control.Children aged 7 to 15 in boarding schools in these areas were chosen as the study subjects in June 2014.Serum alkaline phosphatase level was determined by enzyme colorimetry and the serum iron,zinc,calcium and phosphorus levels were determined by colorimetry.Calcium to phosphate ratio was calculated at the same time.Results Fifty-nine qualified serum samples of children were sampled in Kaschin-Beck disease areas and 45 in control area.Serum alkaline phosphatase levels in Kaschin-Beck disease areas and control area were (311.34 ± 85.31) and (264.09 ± 73.44)U/L,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (t =-2.97,P ＜ 0.05).Children's serum phosphorus levels in Kaschin-Beck disease areas and control area were (1.62 ± 0.17) and (1.43 ± 0.13)mmol/L,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (t =-6.29,P ＜ 0.05).Calcium to phosphorus ratio were 1.62 ± 0.17 and 1.82 ± 0.21,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (t =5.53,P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the control area,the level of children's serum zinc was (19.96 ± 1.70) and (20.59 ± 2.45)μmol/L;the level of serum calcium was (2.59 ± 0.11) and (2.57 ± 0.11)mmol/L;and the level of serum iron was (15.06 ± 7.02) and (17.01 ± 6.70)μmol/L.The differences between these three biochemical indicators were not statistically significant between Kaschin-Beck disease areas and control area (t =1.39,-0.64,1.44,all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion In Kaschin-Beck disease areas in Qinghai Province,the level of children's serum alkaline phosphatase and phosphorus have increased markedly and the calcium to phosphate ratio has decreased obviously.
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Objective To study PPARγ inhibitor(GW9662) ,on colon cancer SW480 cell proliferation and apoptosis intervened by Nimesulide(N) in vitro ,in order to investigate the role of PPARγpathway in colon cancer cell proliferation inhibition and apop‐tosis promotion induced by Nimesulide .Methods Cells were divided into 4 groups ,namely :the control group ,GW9662 group (GW9662 0 .1 ,0 .5 ,1 .0 ,5 .0μmol/L) ,N group ,GW9662+N group .MTT assay and FCM were used to determine proliferation ,ap‐optosis and cell cycle of SW480 cells .And the expression of PPARγ,p21Waf1 ,p27Kip1 ,Bcl‐2 ,Bax ,VEGF proteins were measured by Western‐blot .Results N inhibited SW480 cells proliferation in a time‐dependent manner (P0 .05) . Cell apoptosis rate of group N increased significantly ,compared with control group(P<0 .01) .The apoptosis rates of SW480 cells incubated with Nimesulide and GW9662 dropped significantly compared with Nimesulide alone (P<0 .01) .Above results showed that GW9662 could attenuate the effect of nimesulide on cell apoptosis and cell cycle .The results of Western‐blot :Compared with the control group ,the expression of PPARγ,p21Waf1 ,p27Kip1 ,Bax protein were up‐regulated significantly in nimesulide group(P<0 .05 or P<0 .01) ,but Bcl‐2 and VEGF were down‐regulated significantly(P<0 .01) .Compared with the nimesulide group ,the expres‐sion of PPARγ,p21Waf1 , p27Kip1 and Bax protein were down‐regulated obviously in GW9662+N group(P<0 .05 or P<0 .01) .Corre‐spondingly ,Bcl‐2 and VEGF were up‐regulated obviously(P<0 .05) .Conclusion N could effectively inhibit SW480 cell prolifera‐tion and induce its apoptosis .PPARγpathway may play an important role in proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induced by Nime‐sulide in colon cancer cell .
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In principle,the administrative body can use the administrative contract within its competence,as long as the purpose is to achieve administrative purpose or public services.In the medical and health sector,by the contract,it clears that the government is the investor to providing public medical and health goods,and it determines the administrative privileges and the administrative responsibility to provide services of the health administrative body in the medical and health sector;meanwhile,it makes administrative enforcement more acceptable through absorbing administrative counterpart to participate in administrative activities and reflecting its interests in the contract by consultation;moreover,it regularizes the collaboration between the administrative body to make the respective responsibilities of the administrative body more clearly.
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OBJECTIVE@#To understand the clinical condition of the positive blood serum HIV antibody cases in otorhinolaryngology patients and explore its clinical characteristic.@*METHOD@#The positive cases in otorhinolaryngology patients were detected by the primary screening test for HIV from 2005 to 2010 , then were confirmed by the confirmation laboratory WB of CDC in Chengdu City. To analyse the results of the positive cases of HIV and collate the clinical manifestation.@*RESULT@#Totally 10 serum samples were positive by the primary screening test for HIV, among them 9 were confirmed by the confirmation laboratory, and the coincidence rate was 90.00%.@*CONCLUSION@#The positive cases by the primary screening test for HIV in otorhinolaryngology patients are increasing recently, but there are some false-positive cases. The clinical manifestation of HIV/AIDS patients are multiform because of the different stage of AIDS. To attach importance to diagnoses of HIV/AIDS in otorhinolaryngology is valuable in preventing nosocomial infection and avoiding medical staff infection due to occupational exposure and also reducing the occurrence of medical dispute.
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Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , China , Epidemiology , HIV Antibodies , Blood , HIV Seropositivity , Diagnosis , Epidemiology , OtolaryngologyABSTRACT
To investigate the feasibility of construction of engineered skin substitutes with adipose tissue derived stem cells ( ADSCs)from GFP-mouse and fibrin glue. Methods: Adipose tissues were isolated from GFP-C57BL mouse groin, the fat was cut into pieces and incubated in a collagenase solution to establish ADSCs culture. The differentiation ability into adipocytes and osteoblasts of the ADSCs were investigated. The amplified cells in vitro were seeded in fibrin glue to form tissue engineered skin substitutes. Fifteen C57BL mice were randomly divided into three groups; experimental group was treated with ADSCs-fibrin glue tissue engineered active skin substitutes. Single fibrin glue and blank were served as two control groups. The materials were grafted onto total skin defects on the back of mice. The effect of wound repair was observed histologically. Results; The cultured ADSCs grew well in vitro. The cells showed characteristics of multipotent adult stem cells. ADSCs-fibrin glue shortened the wound healing time. Histological observation showed that thicker epithelium was formed and collagen fibers arranged in order in the ADSCs-fibrin glue experimental group,the number of fibroblasts was significantly increased as compared with those in single fibrin glue group or in the blank control group. Conclusion : GFP- ADSCs combined with fibrin glue can accelerate the mouse skin wound healing. It suggests that ADSCs with fibrin glue maybe an optional method of engineered skin reconstruction for wound repair.